Health and benefits
Who handles Social Security retirement or disability benefits?
Who handles it
The federal Social Security Administration (SSA) runs Social Security retirement, survivors and disability benefits, plus Supplemental Security Income (SSI).
- Federal
- Not State
- Not Local
Facts checked November 5, 2026 · 3 sources
Why federal government
Social Security is a national insurance program. You qualify for retirement benefits by working and paying Social Security taxes.
What to do next
- Apply for retirement benefits through SSA. In most cases, you can apply while still working.
- If a disability stops or limits your ability to work, apply for Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI).
- Ask SSA about Supplemental Security Income (SSI), a separate program for older adults and people who are blind or have a disability.
Learn the background: What does the federal government do?
Sources
Official recordUSAGov: Social Security Administration (SSA)
Official recordSocial Security Administration: Retirement benefits
Official recordSocial Security Administration: Disability